Table of Contents for Fowden, G.: Empire to Commonwealth: Consequences of Monotheism in Late Antiquity.

Empire to Commonwealth:
Consequences of Monotheism in Late Antiquity
Garth Fowden

TABLE OF CONTENTS:

List of illustrations
Abbreviations
Note on transliteration and references
Preface
Acknowledgments
Introduction 3
1 The world's two eyes: Iran, Rome, and the pursuit of world empire 12
The geographical focus 12
Iran, the Greeks, and Polytheist Rome 19
Sasanian universalism 24
2 Polytheist Rome: Toward cultural universalism within empire 37
Seeds of polytheist universalism 37
Alexandria 44
Rome 45
The third century 50
Julian and Helios-Mithras 52
Universalism and Rome's identity 57
3 The Fertile Crescent: Cultural universalism between and beyond empires 61
The Sabians of Harran 62
Judaism 65
Manichaeism 72
Christianity 76
4 Constantine: Christian empire and crusade 80
Antecedents of Christian Rome 80
Constantine's strategy 85
Empire and Church 86
Mission 90
Iran 93
5 The First Byzantine Commonwealth: Interactions of political and cultural universalism 100
The geographical focus 101
Iberia and Armenia 104
Southern Arabia and Ethiopia 109
Nubia 116
The Arabs 119
Christians of Iran and beyond 121
The politico-cultural entity 124
6 Islam: World empire, then commonwealth 138
The building of world empire 138
Empire and religion 152
The Islamic Commonwealth 160
Epilogue 169
Bibliography 177
Index 201