| List of Tables | |
| Preface | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| List of Abbreviations | |
| Pt. 1 | The Gaullist Years | 1 |
| Ch. 1 | Perspectives on de Gaulle | 3 |
| Why Start with de Gaulle? | 3 |
| De Gaulle and Change: The Provisory and the Permanent | 6 |
| De Gaulle and the Nation-State in Europe | 9 |
| De Gaulle's "Idea of France" | 14 |
| Independence and Grandeur as Goals and Means | 17 |
| Gaullist Ideas and Gaullist Policies | 21 |
| Ch. 2 | The Missing Pillar: France's Role in the Defense of Europe in the 1950s and 1960s | 23 |
| The Missing Pillar during the Fourth Republic | 24 |
| The Missing Pillar during the Gaullist Years | 29 |
| Explaining the "Missing Pillar" under de Gaulle | 31 |
| France's Nuclear Force and Europe | 39 |
| The International Context and the French Contribution | 46 |
| Ch. 3 | Manipulating Ambiguity: Military Doctrines under de Gaulle and Pompidou | 53 |
| Conventional Doctrine through the Mid-1960s | 53 |
| Early Nuclear Doctrines | 57 |
| The Direct Legacy: The Fourquet Doctrine | 64 |
| Pompidou's Initial Challenge | 68 |
| Codified Ambiguity: The White Paper on National Defense | 70 |
| French Military Doctrine in Retrospect | 77 |
| Pt. 2 | Struggling to Adapt | 79 |
| Ch. 4 | Giscard's Balancing Act, 1974-1981 | 81 |
| The "Post-Gaullist" Period | 81 |
| Revising France's Military Doctrines | 83 |
| Reorganizing the Army, 1975-1977 | 89 |
| Nuclear Cooperation with the United States | 92 |
| Opposition to Change and Its Lessons | 93 |
| Defense Policy and the Economic Constraint | 100 |
| Conclusions on the Giscardian Experience | 104 |
| Ch. 5 | Mitterrand's Adaptations, 1981-1986 | 106 |
| The Socialists' Turnaround and Its Explanations | 106 |
| Security Policy under the Socialists: Adapting to de Gaulle | 112 |
| Mitterrand's Atlantic Rapprochement: Adapting to NATO | 118 |
| The German Role: Adapting to Europe | 124 |
| Defense Policy and the Economic Constraint Revisited | 134 |
| The Socialists in Retrospect | 138 |
| Ch. 6 | Tensions in the Consensus, 1986-1989 | 139 |
| A Changing Military Context and Its Impact on France | 140 |
| Cohabitation and the French Defense Debate | 144 |
| The Debates of Cohabitation | 146 |
| Cohabitation in Retrospect | 156 |
| Putting off the Choices: May 1988-May 1989 | 158 |
| Pt. 3 | France in the New Europe | 161 |
| Ch. 7 | The Gaullist Legacy Today: French Security Policy in the 1990s | 163 |
| A Look Back: Continuity Since de Gaulle | 163 |
| France and NATO in the 1990s | 165 |
| France and the European Security Identity | 172 |
| The Lessons of the Persian Gulf War: The View from Paris | 178 |
| Conclusions: Continuities amid Change | 183 |
| Ch. 8 | Epilogue: The Gaullist Legacy and the Post-Cold War World | 186 |
| De Gaulle's Post-Cold War World | 186 |
| Gaullist Military Logic and the New Europe | 191 |
| Reconciling de Gaulle with Europe | 197 |
| Notes | 203 |
| Glossary of French Terms Used | 235 |
| Selected Bibliography | 237 |
| Index | 251 |
