| List of Illustrations | |
| Abbreviations Used in the Text and the Notes | |
| Preface | |
| Ch. 1 | The Spanish Educational System and Its Critics, 1857-1900 | 3 |
| Ch. 2 | National Regeneration and Educational Reform, 1898-1923 | 41 |
| Ch. 3 | History Invented: History Education and the Liberal State | 65 |
| Ch. 4 | History Remembered: Catholic Integrism and the Sacralization of the National Past | 99 |
| Ch. 5 | History Recovered: Rafael Altamira and National Regeneration | 122 |
| Ch. 6 | The Primo de Rivera Dictatorship, 1923-1930: The Origins of "National Catholicism" | 165 |
| Ch. 7 | History and the Creation of a Republican Civic Culture, 1931-1936 | 194 |
| Ch. 8 | History as Therapy: The Franquist Dictatorship, 1936-1953 | 232 |
| Ch. 9 | Historical Amnesia: The Franco Regime, 1953-1975 | 273 |
| Conclusion: History and National Identity | 302 |
| Bibliography | 309 |
| Index | 349 |
