TABLE OF CONTENTS: Acknowledgments vii One: Introduction 1 PART ONE: THE APPROACH OF USING GENERALLY VALID RULES Two: The Importance of Generally Valid Rules in Implementing Moral Principle 11 Three: The Absence of a Moral Distinction between Treatment Withdrawal and Assisted Suicide 24 Four: The Distinction between Treatment Withdrawal and Assisted Suicide as a Generally Valid Way to Distinguish between Morally Justified and Morally Unjustified Deaths 53 PART TWO: AVOIDING PERVERSE INCENTIVES Five: The Implications for Practice of a Policy's Perverse Incentives 83 Six: Underlying Moral Principle Permits a Limited Legal Obligation for Pregnant Wowen to Accept Life-Saving Treatment for Their Fetuses 91 Seven: The Problems with a Legal Duty for Pregnant Wowen Because of Perverse Incentives 113 PART THREE: THE "TRAGIC CHOICES" MODEL Eight: Avoiding Explicit Trade-offs through Implicit Choices 123 Nine: Limitations of the "Futility" Concept in Medical Treatment Decisions 132 Ten: Futility as a Way to Make "Tragic Choices" 153 Conclusion 167 Notes 171 Index 225
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