TABLE OF CONTENTS: List of Abbreviations and Acronyms vii
Preface to the English Edition ix
Prologue: the last hundred years 1
Chapter 1: What Went Wrong in the Twentieth Century 5
Our Liberal Democracies 5
The Ideal Type of Totalitarianism 14
Scientism and Humanism 19
The Birth of Totalitarian Doctrine 26
War As the Truth of Life 32
The Two-Edged Knife 40
The Achievement of Vasily Grossman 48
Chapter 2: Two of a Kind 74
Peas in a Pod 74
Apples and Oranges 82
The Reckoning 91
The Achievement of Margarete Buber-Neumann 93
Chapter 3: Preserving the Past 113
The Control of Memory 113
The Three Stages 119
Testimony, History, and Commemoration 129
Moral Judgment 134
Master Narratives 142
The Achievement of David Rousset 148
Chapter 4: The Uses of Memory 159
The Frying Pan and the Fire 159
Serving Purposes 164
What Memory Is For 168
The Achievement of Primo Levi 177
Chapter 5: The Past in the Present 187
"Moral Correctness" 187
History and Myth 197
History and the Law 205
The Achievement of Romain Gary 213
Chapter 6: The Perils of Democracy 228
The Hiroshima and Nagasaki Bombs 228
Kosovo: The Political Context 237
Military Intervention 251
Humanitarian Action and the Law 265
The Right to Interfere versus the Obligation to Aid 274
The Achievement of Germaine Tillion 291
epilogue: the next hundred years 311
Bibliography 319
Index 327
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